Effect of Micronutrient Supplemented Mulberry Leaves on Larvae of Silk Worm Bombyx mori
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55446/IJE.2022.584Keywords:
Bombyx mori, micronutrients, mulberry, CuSO4, ZnSO4 food consumption, larval assimilation, total growth, digestibility, tissue growth efficiency, morphometrics, characteristicsAbstract
The present study explores the effect of micronutrient supplemented mulberry leaves on PM×CSR2 hybrid variety of Bombyx mori L. larvae. The field experiment with twelve treatments including a control (T0 to T11), replicated thrice, was supplemented with the desired quantity of the respective micronutrient in individual or in combination. Twenty early B. mori fourth and fifth instar larvae/replication were fed with the 5-6 fully mature mulberry leaves (T0 to T11) twice a day (morning and evening). The results showed that food consumption increased to a maximum of 31.56 and 22.98%, and assimilation increased by 51.38 and 34.56% over control (4th and 5th instar, respectively) with treatment T9 (CuSO4 15 kg/ha + ZnSO4 15 kg/ha + FeSO4 30 kg/ha). With the same treatment, total growth increased by 94.95 and 65.67%, and approximate digestibility by 15.14 and 9.33%; tissue growth efficiency also increased by 65.35 and 49.61% with this treatment, while maximum ecological growth efficiency increased by 49.58% and 52.0% over control in T11 (CuSO4 25 kg/ ha + ZnSO4 25 kg/ha + FeSO4 25 kg/ha). Larval duration was maximum with T1 (FeSO4 10 kg/ha alone) (7.63± 19.16 days) as against when fed with the control (T0). Larval length increased by 18.0 and 18.51% in T9, with the larval width increasing by 50.0% in more than one treatment. Maximum chawki larval weight and larval weight increased by 16.78 and 29.44%, while maximum silk gland weight was 2.14± 0.05g in T9.
Downloads
Metrics
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
References
Ashfaq M, Afzal W, Hanif M A. 2010. Effect of Zn (II) deposition in soil on mulberry-silk worm food chain. African Journal of Biotechnology 9(11): 1665-1672.
Balamani R, Prince S P, Subburam W, Subburam V. 1995. Effect of zinc on the nutritional indices, economic characters of cocoon and quality of silk of Bombyx mori L. Indian Journal of Sericulture 34: 69-71.
Balasundaram D, Selvi S, Mathivanan V. 2008. Studies on comparative feed efficacy of mulberry leaves MR2 and MR2 treated with vitamin C on Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) in relation to larval parameters. Journal of Current Science 12(2): 677-682.
Bhattacharya A, Kaliwal B B. 2005a. Synergetic effects of potassium and magnesium chloride on biochemical contents of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 3: 1-7.
Bhattacharya A, Kaliwal B B. 2005b. The biochemical effects of potassium chloride on the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Insect Science 12: 95-100.
Bose P C, Singhvi N R, Dutta R K. 1994. Effect of micronutrients on yield and yield attributes of mulberry (Morus alba L.). Indian Journal of Agronomy 39(1): 97-99.
Chakraborti M K, Medda A K. 1978. Effect of cobalt chloride on silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) Nistari race. Science and Culture 44: 406-408.
Chamundeswari P, Radhakrishnaiah K. 1994. Effect of zinc and nickel on the larval and cocoon characters of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Sericologia 34: 327-330.
Delvi M R, Pandian T J. 1972. Rates of feeding and assimilation in the grasshopper, Poekilocerus pictus. Journal of Insect Physiology 18(9): 1829-1843.
Etebari K, Kaliwal B B, Matindoost L. 2004. Different aspects of mulberry leaves supplementation with various nutritional compounds in sericulture. International Journal of Industrial Entomology 9(1): 14-28.
Geetha T, Ramamoorthy K, Murugan N. 2016. Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf yield and silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) economic parameters. Life Sciences International Research Journal 3(1): 23-26.
Horie Y, Watanabe K, Ito T. 1967. Nutrition of the silkworm (Bombyx mori L.). Quantitative requirement of potassium, phosphorus, magnesium and zinc. Bulletin of the Sericultural Experiment Station 22: 181-193.
Hugar I, Kaliwal B B. 1999. Effect of zinc chloride on some economic parameters of the bivoltine silkworm Bombyx mori L. Bulletin of Sericultural Research 10: 35-42.
Hugar I, Kaliwal B B. 2002. Effect of zinc chloride economical traits of the bivoltine silkworm Bombyx mori L. International Journal of Industrial Entomology 5: 75-79.
Ito T, Niminura M. 1966. Nutrition of silkworm Bombyx mori XII. Nutritive effects of minerals. Bulletin of the Sericultural Experiment Station 20(4): 373-374.
Kaushal B R, Rajiv J, Sharmila K, Joshi P C. 1988. Energy budget of Antheraea proylei Jolly fed on Q. floribunda Lindle (Lepidoptera: Saturnidae). Himalayan Journal of Environment and Zoology 2(1): 24-30.
Kavitha S, Sivaprasad S, Saidulla B, Yellamma K. 2012. Effect of zinc chloride and zinc sulphate on the silkworm, Bombyx mori growth tissue proteins and economic parameters of sericulture. The Bioscan 7(2): 189-195.
Krishnaswami S. 1978. New technology of silkworm rearing. Bulletin of the Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore, India 1-10 pp.
Lalfelpuii R, Choudhury B N, Gurusubramanian G, Kumar S N. 2014a. Effect of different mulberry plant varieties on growth and economic parameters of the silkworm Bombyx mori in Mizoram. Science Vision 14: 34-38.
Lalfelpuii R, Choudhury B N, Gurusubramanian G, Kumar S N. 2014b. Influence of medicinal plant extracts on the growth and economic parameters of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Sericologia 54: 275-282.
Legay J M. 1958. Recent advances in silkworm nutrition. Annual Review of Entomology 3: 75-86.
Marin G, Pearlin A, Blessy P, Renjitha K, Arivoli S, Samuel T. 2021. Effect of micronutrients supplemented mulberry leaves on the larval biochemical characteristics of mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori Linnaeus 1758 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology 42(24): 486-494.
Mehrotra K N, Rao P J, Farooqi T N A. 1972. The consumption, digestion and utilization of food by locusts. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 15: 90-96.
Muniandy S, Sheela M, Nirmala S T. 1995. Effect of vitamins and minerals (Filibon) on food intake, growth and conversion efficiency in Bombyx mori. Environment and Ecology 13: 433-435.
Murugan K, George A. 1992. Feeding and nutritional influence on growth and reproduction of Daphnis resi Linn. (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Journal of Insect Physiology 38(2): 961-967.
Nirwani R B, Kaliwal B B. 1995. Effect of ferrous and magnesium sulphate supplementation on some commercial characters of Bombyx mori L. Bulletin of Sericultural Research 6: 21-27.
Nirwani R B, Kaliwal B B. 1996. Effect of folic acid on economic traits and the change of some metabolic substances of bivoltine silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Korean Journal of Sericultural Science 38: 118-123.
Rahamathulla V K, Vindya G S, Sreenivasa G, Geethadevi R G. 2003. Evaluation of the consumption and nutritional efficiency in three new bivoltine hybrids (CSR series) silkworm Bombyx mori L. Journal of Experimental Zoology, India 6: 157-161.
Rahamathulla V K, Suresh H M. 2012. Seasonal variation in food consumption assimilation and conversion efficiency of Indian bivoltine hybrid silkworm, Bombyx mori. Journal of Insect Science 12: 1-14.
Ramarethinam, Chandra K. 2007. Effect of liquid and carrier based biofertilizer application on the quality of mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) with special reference to its nutritive value to silkworm (Bomyx mori L.). Pestology 31(1): 13-19.
Remadevi O K, Magadum S B, Shivashankar N, Benchamin K V. 1992. Evaluation of the food utilisation efficiency in some polyvoltine breeds of silkworm Bombyx mori. Sericologia 32: 61-65.
Sarker A, Haque B, Rab M, Absar N. 1995. Effect of feeding mulberry (Morus sp.) leaves supplemented with different nutrients of silkworm (Bombyx mori) L. Current Science 69(2): 185-188.
Shivakumar C. 1995. Physiological and biochemical studies on nutrition of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Ph. D. Thesis, Bangalore University, Karnataka, India.
Singh N S, Vanlalruati M C, Kumar K S, Tripathi S K. 2021. Soil and leaf mulberry quality affect silkworm cocoon production in Mizoram. Indian Journal of Entomology 83(3): 376-379.
Thrived Y K, Nair K S, Begum A N. 2003. Digestibility in the newly developed bivoltine hybrids of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Indian Journal of Sericulture 42(2): 142-145.
Waldbauer G P. 1968. The consumption and utilization of food by insects. Advances in Insect Physiology 5: 229-288.
Yamamoto T, Fujimaki T. 1982. Inter strain differences in food efficiency of the silkworm B. mori L. reared on artificial diet. Journal of Sericultural Science of Japan 51(4): 312-315.
